Showing posts with the label DBMS

Difference between Strong entity Set and Weak entity Set

Difference between Strong entity set and Weak entity set: STRONG ENTITY SET: The Strong entity has a primary key. The Strong entity is independent of any other entity in a s…

Types of Cursors

Two types of cursors in PL/SQL: Implicit cursors. Explicit cursors. 1. Implicit cursors:    These are created by default when DML statements like, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE …

Advantages of DBMS over File oriented System

Data redundancy and inconsistency:    Redundancy is the concept of repetition of data i.e. each data may have more than a single copy. The file system cannot control redundan…

Instance and Schema in DBMS

Instance:    Definition of instance: The data stored in database at a particular moment of time is called instance of database. Database schema defines the variable declarati…

Discretionary Access Control (DAC) and Mandatory Access Control (MAC)

Discretionary Access Control (DAC):    Unlike Mandatory Access Control (MAC) where access to system resources is controlled by the operating system (under the control of a s…

Explain Query Processing step with diagram

Question:   Explain Query Processing step with diagram. Query Processing: It is the step by step process of breaking the high level language into low level language whic…

Explain Two-Phase Commit (2PC) Protocol

Question:  Explain Two-Phase Commit (2PC) Protocol. Two-Phase Commit (2PC):    A two-phase commit is a standardized protocol that ensures that a database commit is i…

Discretionary Access Control and Mandatory Access Control

Question: Discretionary Access Control and Mandatory Access Control. Discretionary Access Control:    Unlike Mandatory Access Control (MAC) where access to system reso…

Explain difference between strong entity set and weak entity set

Question:  Explain difference between strong entity set and weak entity set. Strong Entity:    Strong entity is not dependent of any other entity in schema. Strong enti…

Write short note on Cursor. Explain types of Cursors

Question:  Write short note on Cursor. Explain types of Cursors.    A cursor is a temporary work area created in the system memory when a SQL statement is executed. A c…

Define commit, rollback and savepoint

Question:  Define commit, rollback and savepoint. 1. COMMIT:    If everything is in order with all statements within a single transaction, all changes are recorded toget…

Explain Instance and Schema in details

Question:  Explain Instance and Schema in details. 1. Instance Definition of instance: The data stored in database at a particular moment of time is called instance…

Explain Advantages of Database management system over File oriented system

Question:  Explain Advantages of Database management system over File oriented system. What is File System?    A File Management system is a DBMS that allows acces to…

What is Normalization? Explain 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF with example

Question: What is Normalization? Explain 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF with example. What is Normalisation in DBMS?    Normalization. Normalization is the process of organizin…

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